Do you ever think about how you enter a website URL and get beautifully designed websites with full of information? Let’s learn it together.

What is the Internet?

The Internet is a global network that connects computers and devices all over the world. Through the Internet, people can share information and communicate from anywhere with an Internet connection.

History of the Internet.

Today’s Internet came from the ARPANET which was developed by the United States Department of Defense in 1960. This network works with the concept of packet switching technology. This technology breaks the data into smaller packets and transmits those packets across the network independently.

As the network grew, additional protocols like TCP/IP were developed to standardize communication between computers.

Key Components of the Internet

1. ISP (Internet Service Provider):

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is the gateway to the internet. It provide the access to the internet with wired connections like optical fiber or wireless connections like mobile data.

• Role: ISP connects the internet with the global internet

• Why It Matters: Without the ISP you can not access the internet

• Example: ISP is works as a bridge that connects your home to the global internet.

2. Routers:

Routers work as a traffic managers for the internet connection. It find the best path to your correct ISP and direct the data packets from your devices to the ISP network.

• Role: It distributes internet connections to the multiple devices.

• Why It Matters: It ensures the smooth connections between the devices.

• Example: The router is work as a traffic police who direct the vehicles(data packet) to the right roads(devices).

3. DNS (Domain Name System):

DNS works like a phonebook of the internet. When you type a website’s name like www.riday.tech, DNS translate the name into an IP address like 142.250.190.40. This IP is used to locate and retrieve the website.

• Role: It converts the human readable domain names to the machine readable IP addresses.

• Why It Matters: It makes the internet user friendly like the users should not type the machine readable IP address in their browsers to visit the websites.

• Example: It is like typing a friend’s name on your phone and DNS finds the number of that friend and then connects the call.

4. Servers

The servers are the powerful computers that store data and host services such as websites, email and apps. When you want to visit a website on your device, it sends a request to the server that host that site and then the server responds back with the requested data.

• Role: It store and deliver data

• Why It Matters: Servers make the websites, email, and online services to be functional.

• Example: A server is like a library where books(data) are stored and the librarian retrieves the book you ask for.

5. Data Packets

Data sent over the internet by dividing into small packets. The each packet contains the small part of the data along with the information about its source and destination. These packets travel independently and are reassembled when they reach their required destination.

• Role: Break data into manageable pieces for transmission

• Why It Matters: It ensures reliable and efficient data transfer.

• Example: The data packets are like as puzzle pieces. Once all pieces are arranged correctly, the puzzle(data) is reassembled.

How the Internet Works: A Step by Step Process:

Step-1: User Request:

• You type a URL(www.riday.tech) into your browser.

Step-2: DNS Lookup:

• The browser sends a request to a DNS server to find the IP address of the website.

Step-3: Data Transmission:

• Your device sends a request to the website’s server with your ISP and router.

Step-4: Server Response:

• The server process your request and respond back to your device.

Step-5: Data Display:

• The browser reassembles the data packets and displays the websites.

The internet connects billions of different devices that make easy to share information and access different services. By understanding the key parts like ISP, routers, DNS, Servers and data packets we can see how typing a URL on the browser load a websites that we use every day.